只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语),句子各个成份都是由单词和短语暗示,如许的句子称为简略句。
简略句一般分为五大类:主+谓,主+谓+宾,主+系+表,主+谓+间宾+直宾,主+谓+宾+宾补,详细内容请看“英语语法专题108:根基句型”部门。
例句:Almost all people suffer culture shock when first in another country.
几近所有人第一次在外洋时城市遭受文化打击。
例句:Both Lucy and her brother are in the same school.
露西和她的弟弟在统一所黉舍上学。
2、并列句
并列句常常由并列连词毗连,并列连词毗连的两个或多个句子都是对等并列的瓜葛,并列连词又称为对等连词。常见的并列连词有:and,not only…but also,neither,nor,neither…nor…,or,either…or…,but,yet,still,however,when,while,for,so,thus,therefore等。
1)and的用法
And在并列句中可以暗示“并列”、“补充”、“动作前后”、“成果”等瓜葛。
① 表并列
例句:Some students are interested in sports andothers are fond of music.
一些学生对活动感乐趣,而此外学生对音乐感乐趣。
② 表补充
例句:My father and grandfather were tailors in Italy andthey were the best.
我父亲和爷爷在乎大利是成衣,并且是最佳的成衣。
③ 表动作的前后
例句:He met Clare at university in Los Angeles,andlater he shared a flat with Clare for five years.
他在洛杉矶上大学时碰到了克莱尔,厥后他与克莱尔在一套公寓里合住了五年。
④ 表成果
例句:Do that always andyou will have both happiness and money enough to live on.
一向干下去,你就会得到幸福和足够的糊口费。
2)not only…but (also)…的用法
暗示“不单……并且……”,重点夸大后一部门。Not only放于句首时其地点的分句主语、谓语应倒装。
例句:Not onlydo disabled people read,write,draw pictures and cook,but they also study,go to university,take exams and have jobs.
残疾人不但能念书、写字、绘画和烹饪,并且还能进修、上大学、加入测验和事情。
3)neither…nor…,nor,neither的用法
neither…nor…,nor,neither暗示“既不……也不……”。当这些词放于句首主语、谓语应倒装。
例句:Neitherwill a true great man trample on a worm,nor he will sneak to an emperor.
真实的巨人既不大举踩踏小人物,也不会在天子眼前卑躬屈膝。
例句:Neitherdo I know his address,nor do my parents.
我不晓得他的住址,我怙恃也不晓得。
例句:She doesn’t study hard,nor/neitherdoes her brother.
她进修不尽力,她弟弟也同样。
4)or的用法
Or重要暗示“选择”、“否认”、“诠释”等意义。
① 暗示选择意义
此时用either…or…也可,不外either…or…的选择比拟性要强些。
例句:You can stay here,oryou can leave.
你可以待在这里,也能够分开。
例句:You can eitherstay here,or you can leave.
你可以待在这里,也能够分开。
例句:We will eitherfind a way,or we can make one.
咱们要末找到一条路,要末斥地一条路。
② 暗示否认前提
此时可用or,or else,otherwise。
例句:Tell me all,or/or else/otherwiseyou will have to suffer.
奉告我所有的事变,不然有你好受的。
③ 暗示换种说法
例句:The workers were cheerful,orat least they appeared to be cheerful.
工人们很欢快,最少看上去是这个模样。
5)but的用法
But重要用来暗示迁移转变和比拟。
① 暗示迁移转变
例句:I’ve worked a great deal harder,butI am making little progress.
我一向很尽力,可前进仍是很小。(此时可用yet取代)
② 暗示比拟
例句:All happy families are alike,buteach unhappy family is unhappy in his own way.
幸福的家庭是类似的,不幸地家庭各有各的不幸。
6)yet的用法
例句:Mountain of gold would not seduce some men,yetflattery would break them down.
有些人,固然金山不克不及诱惑他们,但阿谀却可以攻破其防地。
7)however的用法
However暗示“但是,但是”之意,和yet意思附近,可放在句首、句中和句尾。
此时可用while取代。Yet至关于but,但其毗连气力不及but强,一般yet前可加and,但but前不克不及加and。
例句:However,he didn’t seem at all ferocious and only said gruffly “Good evening,Beauty.”
但是,他看上去彷佛一点也不凶恶,只是僵硬地说,“晚上好,美男。”
例句:I repeated,She,however,still didn’t hear me.
我反复了一遍,然后,她仍是没听见。
例句:She tried her best;she failed,however.
她尽了最大尽力,但是仍是没乐成。
8)when的用法
至关于and then,just then,at the time,一般放在第二个分句句首。
例句:I was about to go to bed whensomeone knocked the door.
正要上床睡觉的时辰,我听见有人敲门。
例句:We were on the point of giving up the ship whenthe captain took charge.
咱们正要抛却那条船,这时候船主起头承当起了责任。
9)while的用法
While暗示比照瓜葛,比but的语气弱。比拟的先后分句在布局上根基连结一致。
例句:Why do you want to find a new job while you have such a good one ?
你既然有一份好事情,为甚么还要再找一份?
10)for的用法
For常暗示发言人的果断根据,也暗示因果瓜葛。
例句:I am not afraid of tomorrow,forI have seen yesterday and I love today.
我不惧怕来日诰日,由于我见证了昨天,而且酷爱今天。
11)so,thus,therefore的用法
暗示并列句的因果瓜葛。
例句:Our destiny offers not the cup of despair,but the chalice of opportunity.Solet us seize it,not in fear,but in gladness.
运气赐与咱们的不是绝望之酒,而是机遇之杯。是以,让咱们毫无害怕,满心愉悦地掌控运气。
例句:I couldn’t find him anywhere,so/thus/thereforeI had to ask the police for help.
我处处找不到他,只好找差人帮手。
在英语中咱们常常把then,so,thus,therefore,however在毗连并列句时当作是毗连副词,在本专题中,为了便利进修和影象,咱们将它们放在连词中。
3、复合句
由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成的句子叫复合句。主句时复合句的骨干部门,从句是润饰从句或主句的某个成份的。从句在主句中可以充任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等。
例句:What is worth doingis worth doing well.
一件事变若是值得做,就值得做好。(主语从句)
例句:Never order a man to do what you’re afraid to do yourself.
本身不敢做的事,不要逼迫他人去做。(宾语从句)
例句:Everything you are and do from fifteen to eighteen is what you are and will do through life.
三岁看大,七岁看老。(表语从句)
例句:All things are difficult before they are easy.
凡事皆先难后易。(状语从句)
例句:Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.
笑是太阳,它从人们脸上赶走冬季。(定语从句)
4、并列复合句
由and或其他并列连词将一个或多个简略句连统一个或多个复合句毗连起来而组成的句子称为并列复合句。
例句:You may turn to Jane for help if you like,but I believe that you had better do it yourself.
若是你愿意,可以找简帮手,不外我认为你最佳本身做。(复合句+but+复合句)
例句:Tell me whether you can come or notand I’ll get ready for it.
奉告我你是不是能来,我好筹备。
以上就是“句子布局”的内容,我们必定要连系例句进修句法和语法,如许更易理解和实操英语!
后面有更多英语专题内容分享给大师,感乐趣的朋侪可以点击“存眷”。
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