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1) There are three reasons for this.
2) The 
reasons for this are as follows.
3) The reason for this is that…
4) We have good reason to believe that…
比方：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.
2.暗示益处
1) It has the following advantages.
2) It does us a lot of good.
3) It benefits us quite a lot.
4) It is beneficial to us.
5) It is of great benefit to us.
比方：Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons. Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us.
3.暗示坏处
1)It has more disadvantages than advantages.
2)It does us much harm.
3)It is harmful 
to us.
比方：However，everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.
4.暗示首要、需要、坚苦、便利、可能
1)It is important(necessary，difficult，convenient， possible)for sb.to do sth.
2) We think it necessary to do sth.
3) It plays an important role in our life.
比方：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business. Soon， computers will be found in every home，too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.
5.暗示办法
1) We should take some effective measures.
2) We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties.
3) We should do our utmost in doing sth.
4) We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.
比方：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious. Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it.
6.暗示变革
1) Some changes have taken place in the past five years.
2) A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s co妹妹unications.
3) The computer has brought about many changes in education.
比方：Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years. The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek. Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.
7.暗示究竟、近况
1) We cannot ignore the fact that…
2) No one can deny the fact that…
3) There is no denying the fact that…
4) This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.
5)However，that’s not the case.
比方：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution. To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.
8.暗示比力
1)Compared withA，B…
2) I prefer to read rather than watch TV.
3) I prefer reading rather than watching TV.
4) There is a striking contrast between them.
比方：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable. Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum. Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem. Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.
9.暗示数目
1) It has increased (decreased) from…to…
2) The population in this city has now increased (decreased)to 800，000.
3) The output of July in this factory increased by 15% compared with that of January.
比方：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.
再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.
10.暗示见解
1) People have(take)different attitudes towards sth.
2) People have different opinions on this problem.
3) People take different views of(on)the question.
4) Some people believe that…Others argue that…
比方：People have different attitudes towards failure. Some believe that failure leads to success. Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor. However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers.
11.暗示结论
1)In short，it can be said that …
2) It may be briefly su妹妹ed up as follows.
3)From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that …
比方：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved.
2
10大写作时的常见毛病
1
名词
写作中，学生们常掌控欠好名词的数、所有格和一些调集名词的用法。
1. He gave me a very good advice yesterday.
句中的a要去掉，由于advice是不成数名词。一些汉语观点为可数的词在英语中倒是不成数的，暗示数目时在其前加a piece of，雷同的词有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information等等。
2. That girl loves reading book.
可数名词单数不克不及孤伶伶地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变成复数。此处最佳变成books.
3. He went into a book’s shop and bought a dictionary.
一般暗示有生命的工具的名词的所有格用’s，如my mother’s car, 而此处适合用名词润饰名词，改成a book shop.
4. My family is watching TV.
一些调集名词如当作一个总体，则用单数的谓语动词，如My family is a happy one; 如强集结合中每一个个别的小我举动，则用复数的谓语动词。此处看电视是个别举动，应把is改成are。雷同的词有：team, class, audience等。
5．This has nothing to do with their believes.（这和他们的信奉不要紧。）
以f, fe 末端的词变成复数时一般去f, fe 加ves，如knife—knives, thief—thieves; 而roof 和belief直接加s变成复数。以是应把believes改成beliefs.
2
冠词
6. The boss wants to hire an useful person.
用a仍是an，取决于后面单词的第一个音标，如为元音用an，为子音用a。useful的第一个音是子音以是应把an改成a。雷同的，咱们说a European country.
7．Plane is a machine that can fly.
Plane为可数名词单数，不克不及零丁放在句中，应在其前加冠词或把它变成复数，而本句后有a machine, 是以只能在其前面加a，变成A plane。
8．He played a piano at the party yesterday.
把a 改成the ，由于乐器前用定冠词。
9．The machine was invented in 1920s.
在in后加the，由于暗示年月用in加the再加几十的复数，如在八十年月in the 80s。
10．Xiao Hong went to school by the bus every day.
去掉the，由于暗示交通方法用by直接加交通东西。
3
代词
利用代词时请注重其单、复数，主、宾格和形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。
11．He is one of those speakers who make his ideas perfectly clear.
定语从句的先行词是those speakers，为复数，是以从句中的批示代词应为复数，应把his改成their。
12． Whom do you think has left the lights on？
放在疑难句特别疑难词后的do you think / believe / guess / imagine / suppose等都不介入句子成份，把它们去掉后，疑难词在句中做主语用主格，做宾语用宾格。本句中去掉do you think后缺的是主语，应把Whom改成Who。
13．The boss pretended not to see John and I.
John和I在句中都做的宾语，应把I 改成me。
14．These books are mine; those in the bag are her.
Her是形容词性物主代词，后面应当加名词books，或把her 改成hers。
4
介词
15．There are fourteen hundreds students in our school.
Hundred / thousand / million / score/ dozen等词前有详细数字时后不加s，前面没有详细数字时在厥后加s 和of，暗示约莫几百几千的观点。如 two hundred students（两百个学生），hundreds of students（成百上千个学生）。例句中应把hundreds 改成hundred。
16．Their school is twice as larger as our school.
表倍数瓜葛的as—as中心只能用形容词或副词的原级。是以把larger改成large.
17．Today’s homework is a five-hundred-words composition.
几个单词由连字符毗连而构成的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数，以是把five-hundred-words改成five-hundred-word.
18．Two third of the students in our school are from America.
英语表达平分数的份子用基数词，分母用序数词，份子大于一时分母后要加s，以是就把third 改成thirds.
5
形容词和副词
形容词和副词轻易被误用，形容词和副词的比力级和最高档也是应注重的重点。
19．The patient appeared nervously when he talked to the doctor.
appear在此是个系动词，厥后应接形容词作表语。以是把nervously改成nervous.
20．The artist worked hardly to finish his drawings on time.
此句必要一个副词来润饰，hardly是副词，但意为“几近不”，hard 也能够是副词，表尽力，是以把 hardly 改成hard.
21．This shirt is more cheaper than that one.
More只组成比力级，而不克不及润饰比力级。是以把more去掉。
22．He works less harder than he used to.
表不如… 时用less加之形容词和副词的原级，是以把harder改成hard.
23．The book is fairly more interesting than that one.
fairly只能润饰形容词和副词的原级，可以润饰比力级的副词或短语有：much, even, still, far, a lot, a little, a bit, any, no, by far, rather等，是以把fairly改成rather.
24．This is as an interesting a story as the one in the magazine.
as … as中心的词序是as加之形容词加之a(n)加之名词再加之as，是以应改成as interesting a story as the one.
25．The weather here is nicer than Xizang.
一样的事物才能相比力，weather和Xizang不具备可比性，是以应改成The weather here is nicer than that of Xizang.
26．I would rather take a train than went by bus.
这个词组为would rather do … than do …，是以把went改成go.
27．Is there interesting anything at the meeting?
润饰anything, something, every-thing, nothing的形容词都要放在它们的后面。
28．I never have seen such a person before.
像never之类的副词在句中应放在be动词、助动词以后，实意动词以前。由于应改成I have never seen such a person before.
29．The book is worth to be read.
be worth doing 意为值得被做。是以改成The book is worth reading.
30．It is sure that he will succeed.
sure 的主语只能为人，而certain的主语可为人和物。是以把sure改成certain.
31．He is regarded as one of the best alive writers at present.
alive 为表语形容词，偶然也做后置定语。是以把alive改成living，或把alive 放在writers后面。
32．I don’t know that he has finished the work yet.
yet 用于否认和疑难句，already用于必定句。把yet 改成already.
33．He said nearly nothing at the meeting.
nearly 不与否认词用在统一个句子中，而almost可以。是以把nearly 改成almost.
6
介词
34．He usually goes to school by his father’s car.
by加之名词暗示一种交通方法，中心甚么都不加，如by car, by bus, by plane等；若是名词前有其他的词润饰，则应除by之外的其他介词，此处把by改成in.
35．Please wait me at the school gate.
wait为不及物动词，需加介词for后才能再跟名词或代词做宾语。
36．He has been married with Betty for more than twenty years.
marry不跟 with连用，应把with改成to。
37．I finished the work on time under the help of him.
“在…的帮忙下”用with而不消under。
7
情态动词
38．He can be at home now because the light in his room is still on.
表出格有掌控的必定果断时用must，表出格有掌控的否认果断时用can, can表果断时只用在否认句中。是以把can 改成must。
39．He need come here before the meeting begins.
作情态动词时need用在否认，疑难和前提句中，不克不及用于必定句中，而作实意动词时则可以。以是应改成：He needs to come here before the meeting begins.
40．I needn’t come yesterday because all the work had been finished.
因为情态动词自己不表现时态，以是在评论辩论曩昔的事变时在情态动词后加 have done，是以在 needn’t 后加have。
41．You hadn’t better stay up too late because you have to get up early tomorrow.
had better 的否认在 better 后面加not.
8
动词的时态
英语的经常使用时态有十六种，一般按照上下文和时候状语来确按时态。
42．I will tell her about that when she will come tomorrow.
主句为未来时，当时间、前提、方法和妥协状语从句顶用一般如今时。是以将will come改成comes。
43．The meeting is about to begin in ten minutes.
be about to 一般不与详细的时候状语连用。是以把 in ten minutes 去掉。
44．The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looking at the captain and then died.
此处look并不是陪伴状语，而是三个并列的谓语动词，是以把looking 改成looked。
45．I have bought this bike for ten years and I am still using it now.
当句中有for加一段时候作状语时，谓语动词必需为持续性动词，此处把bought改成kept。
46．I haven’t learnt any English before I came here.
我来这儿已是曩昔的动作，在此以前产生的事应当用曩昔完成时。是以应把haven’t改成hadn’t
9
动词的语态
及物动词用在自动语态时要有宾语，是以可以变成被动语态；不及物动词用于自动语态时不克不及接宾语，是以无被动语态。
47．The two thieves have been disappeared.
disappear 为不及物动词，是以不克不及用于被动语态。以是把 been去掉。
48．The building built now will be our teaching building.
表“如今正在建的”利用被动语态的正在举行时，是以在built 前加being。
49．He is being operated by the famous doctor.
自动语态变成被动语态时，应注重短语动词的完备性，别忘了介词或副词。“给…做手术”应为operate on sb，以是在operated 后加之on。
50．I wonder if the doctor has been sent.
缘由同上，应在sent 后加之for。
51．The book written by him is sold well.
说一本书脱销是指书自己的属性，是以不消被动语态。本句应改成：The book written by him sells well.
52．This history book is worthy reading.
“值得被做”可以有以下几种说法：be worth doing; be worthy of being done; be worthy to be done. 是以本句应当为：This history book is worthy to be read.
10
非谓语动词
53．We are going to talk about the problem discussing at the last meeting.
此处为分词作定语，问题应当被会商，以是把discussing改成discussed。
54．The girl dressed herself in red is my sister.
dress为及物动词，意为“给…穿衣服”，此处为分词作定语润饰girl, girl应是它的逻辑宾语，是以把herself去掉。
55．Being seriously ill, his class-mates sent him to hospital.
分词作状语时，其逻辑主语为这句话的主语，此句应为“由于他病了，他的同窗才把他送到病院去”，是以把前半句改成：He being seriously ill.
56．Having not seen her for many years, we could hardly recognize her.
如今分词的否认应把not放在如今分词前面，所之前半句应改成：Not having seen her for many years.
57．I will get somebody repair the recorder for you.
“让或人做某事”可以有如下几种表达法：make sb do sth; have sb do sth; get sb to sth. 是以在repair 前加to。
58．She decided to work harder in order to not fall behind the others.
不定式的否认把not放在to前面。是以应改成：She decided to work harder in order not to fall behind the others.
59．It’s better to laugh than crying.
表比力时比力的两边应为同种布局，或都是名词或都是不定式。是以有两种改法：It’s better to laugh than to cry 或 It’s better laughing than crying.
60．When the teacher came in, he stopped listening to the teacher.
stop doing 为遏制做这件事，而stop to do 为停下来正在做的事去做这件事。所今后半句应当为：he stopped to listen to the teacher.
