admin
更合理的跑道，更舒畅的鞋子，更低冲突力的泳衣等技能上的前进造就了现代体育的飞速打开，逐步打破人类极限。除此之外，各类体育项意图运建议也逐步生长出愈加合适该运动的体魄，篮球运建议的身高更高，游水运建议的手臂更长，体操运建议的身段更娇小等。
讲演的结束说，改变的科技，改变的基因，?以及改变的精力状况。?运动的变革，是新的跑道表面或是新的游水科技；运动的民主，是关于新体型和新的人员在世界上的传达；运动的展望，是关于人体极限的了解，使运建议比以往更强，更快，更无畏，非常好。?
video 1: on sports technology
the olympic motto is faster, higher, stronger.
and athletes have fulfilled that motto rapidly.
the winner of the 2012 olympic marathon ran two hours and eight minutes.
had he been racing against the winner of the 1904 olympic marathon, he would have won by nearly an hour and a half.
now we all have this feeling that were somehow just getting better as a human race, inexorably progressing,?
but itve evolved into a new species in a century.
so whats going on here?
i want to take a look at whats really behind this march of athletic progress.
in 1936, jesse owens held the world record in the 100 meters.
had jesse owens been racing last year in the world championships of the 100 meters,
when jamaican sprinter usain bolt finished, owens would have still had 14 feet to go.
thats a lot in sprinter land.?
to give you a sense of how much it is, i want to share with you a demonstration conceived by sports scientist ross tucker.
now picture the stadium last year at the world championships of the 100 meters:
thousands of fans waiting with baited breath to see usain bolt, the fastest man in history;
flashbulbs popping as the nine fastest men in the world coil themselves into their blocks.??
and i want you to pretend that jesse owens is in that race.
now close your eyes for a second and picture the race.
bang! the gun goes off.
an american sprinter jumps out to the front.
usain bolt starts to catch him. usain bolt passes him, and as the runners come to the finish, youll hear a beep as each man crosses the line.?
thats the entire finish of the race.
you can open your eyes now.
that first beep was usain bolt. that last beep was jesse owens. listen to it again.?
when you think of it like that, its not that big a difference, is it?
and then consider that usain bolt started by propelling himself out of blocks down a specially fabricated carpet designed to allow him to travel as fast as humanly possible.?
jesse owens, on the other hand, ran on cinders, the ash from burnt wood, and that soft surface stole far more energy from his legs as he ran.??
rather than blocks, jesse owens had a gardening trowel that he had to use to dig holes in the cinders to start from.
biomechanical analysis of the speed of owens joints shows that had he been running on the same surface as bolt,
he wouldnt have been 14 feet behind, he would have been within one stride.
rather than the last beep, owens would have been the second beep. listen to it again.?
thats done it throughout the running world.
video 2: on sports technology
consider a longer event. in 1954, sir roger bannister became the first man to run under four minutes in the mile.
nowadays, college kids do that every year.
on rare occasions, a high school kid does it.
as of the end of last year, 1,314 men had run under four minutes in the mile,
but like jesse owens, sir roger bannister ran on soft cinders that stole far more energy from his legs than the synthetic tracks of today.
so i consulted biomechanics experts to find out how much slower it is to run on cinders than synthetic tracks,
and their consensus that its one and a half percent slower.
so if you apply a one and a half percent slowdown conversion to every man who ran his sub-four mile on a synthetic track, this is what happens.
only 530 are left.
if you look at it from that perspective, fewer than ten new men per dacade have joined the sub-four mile club since sir roger bannister.
now, 530 is a lot more than one, and thatre training more intelligently.
even college kids are professional in their training compared to sir roger bannister, who trained for 45 minutes at a time while he ditched gynecology lectures in med school.?
and that guy who won the 1904 olympic marathon in three and half hours, that guy was drinking rat poison and brandy while he ran along the course.
that was his idea of a performance-enhancing drug.
