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Welcome back to www. engvid. com. I’m Adam.
接待回到www.engvid.com.。我是Adam。
In today’s video we’re going to learn non-English words.
在今天的视频中，咱们将进修非英语单词。
You’re thinking surprised because this is an English video lesson, it’s supposed to be about English, but in English we tend to borrow a lot of words from other languages.
你会感触很惊讶，由于这原本是一堂英语视频课，原本讲堂内容应当全数关于英语，但在英语中有不少单词是从其它说话中借用过来的。
We keep them as they are, we even keep their meanings more or less, but we like to apply them to many areas.
咱们连结了单词的拼写，乃至或多或少连结了单词的原意，但咱们很喜好将它们用在不少分歧的场景中。
So there’s a lot of words.
有不少不少如许的单词。
These are just a. . .
它们就像是……
This is just a sample of the foreign words that we use regularly in English.
这只是咱们在英语平常利用顶用到外语单词的例子。
Some of them have been changed to apply to other things besides the original meaning of the word.
此中一些单词除自己的意思外，还被应用到了此外事物上。
So. . .
是以……
Excuse me.
言反正传。
First, let’s start with the actual words: ” tsunami” , this is Japanese.
起首，先举几个详细的例子：”tsunami”是日语单词。
” Gung ho” is Chinese.
“Gung ho”是汉语。
” Pro bono” , Latin.
“Pro bono”是拉丁语。
” Quid pro quo” , also Latin.
“Quid pro quo”也是拉丁语。
” Prima donna” , Italian.
“Prima donna”是意大利语。
” Je ne sais qua” , French.
“Je ne sais qua”是法语。
” Déjà vu” , French.
“Déjà vu”是法语。
” Faux pas” , French.
“Faux pas”是法语。
” Du jour” , French.
“Du jour”是法语。
” Kaput” , German.
“Kaput”是德语。
And ” guru” is actually 
Sanskrit.
“guru”其实是梵文。
Okay.
好吧。
So, first I’m going to explain to you what the words mean, where they came from, and what they mean originally, and then how we use them in English.
我先跟大师诠释一下单词的意思，发源于哪，本意是啥，和咱们如安在英语中利用它们。
So we’ll start with ” tsunami” .
咱们先来讲说”海啸”。
” Tsunami” basically means harbour wave.
“海啸”的根基寄义是口岸风波。
So, in Japan after an earthquake, sometimes. . .
在震后的日本，有时……
They have a lot of earthquakes, but sometimes they get a tsunami.
日本常常会产生地动，但有光阴本会蒙受海啸。
It’s basically a big wave.
这根基上就是暗示海啸的寄义。
So the ocean after the earthquake sends a big wave and it covers the land.
地动后的海洋会鼓起一次海啸，并波及到大陆。
There was a big one a few years ago, a lot of damage.
几年前有过一次海啸，造成为了很大的丧失。
But we use this, again, to mean the same thing.
咱们用这个单词来表达不异的寄义。
Whenever there’s a tsunami, whenever there’s a big wave after an earthquake, but we also use it to talk about 
anything that’s large and sudden.
每当震后产生了海啸，均可以如许表达，还可以用这个单词来暗示庞大的、突如其来的事变。
So, for example, the whole world is facing a refuge situation now.
比方，全球正面对着避让劫难的际遇。
A lot of people from. . .
很多人……
Moving from all parts of the world to other parts of the world, and the countries that are receiving these refuges, they are facing a tsunami of refuges.
都在从世界各地向其它地域迁徙，国度都在接管灾黎，各都城在@面%X214w%临大范%8KLwb%围@的灾黎。
So it’s like a big wave of people.
就像表达一大群人同样。
Okay?
大白了吗?
So whenever you have a big, sudden, wave or whatever, a big, sudden situation or a big, sudden change coming at you, you can call. . .
每当你@遭%RlM38%受大范%8KLwb%围@、突如其来的际遇或，每当你面对庞大的变故时，你可以说……
You can refer to it like a tsunami.
你可以比方成“海啸”。
Okay?
大白了吗?
” Gung ho” .
“有长进心的”。
So, ” gung ho” basically means very enthusiastic.
“有长进心的”原意为很是热忱的。
In Chinese it means basically part of a team or teamwork, but in. . .
在中国，根基上暗示为团队的一部门，但……
The way we use it in English, if we say: ” That person is really gung ho” , it means he’s really enthusiastic, really eager, really wants to work hard.
在英语中咱们的用法是，若是咱们说：“这小我真的颇有长进心”，意思是他真的很热忱，很是巴望，想要尽力事情。
So, if I work at a company and a new employee comes in. . .
若是我在一个公司上班，同时来了一个新员工，
And I’ve been at this company a long time, you know, I’m settled, everything, I do my work, I go home.
并且我已在这个公司事情好久了，清晰吧，我过的很平稳，天天放工回家。
But this guy comes in and he’s so gung ho that everybody’s a little bit worried because he’s making us look bad.
可是这小我来了，他很是的有豪情，每小我城市感触些许挂念，由于在他的比拟下咱们看起来没那末好。
He’s too gung ho.
他颇有豪情。
He’s too energetic, too enthusiastic.
他太有正能量了，太热忱了。
It’s a. . .
这就是……
So it’s a very good word for that.
这是表达这个意思很好的单词。
Anytime you’re ready to do something, you can do it gung ho or you can do it casual.
每次你筹备好做一件事的时辰，你可以带着豪情或很随便地去做。
” Pro bono” , basically this means free.
“义务”，原意为免费的。
So I’m going to actually write this because these are a little bit long to write.
我来写下这个单词的意思，由于其它单词的意思有点长。
Free.
免费的。
If. . .
若是……
So, you see a lot of doctors.
你好比说很多大夫。
A lot of doctors or lawyers when they start their business or when they’re very successful and they can afford it, they do a lot of pro bono work.
很多大夫或状师在他们事情的时辰或当他们有所成就的时辰，他们能包袱得起去做很多义务事情。
Means they’ll go provide legal advice to somebody who can’t afford it, or they’ll do medical assistance to people who can’t afford it.
意思就是他们会为那些贫民供给法令咨询，或是医疗支援。
For example, they’ll go around the world to poor countries and they’ll help children especially with medical situations, etc. So anything. . .
比方，他们会走遍全球的贫困国度，向儿童供给特别的医疗前提等。不管任何事变……
Anytime somebody does something for free, like but professional, like work and they do it for free, it’s pro bono work.
不管任什么时候候，当或人做了义务事情，十分专业的，就像免费打工同样的，这就是义务事情。
” Quid pro quo” , something for something.
“相互帮忙”，意思是一报还一报。
We also have an idiom: ” If you scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours.” Okay?
咱们另有一个谚语：“若是你帮我，我就会帮你。”大白了么？
It means: You do something for me, I’ll do something for you.
意思是：你为我做了甚么，我就会为你做一样的事。
But when we exchange favours. . .
当咱们相互帮忙时……
For example, if I do something, some professional work for you because I’m a lawyer, I will give you some legal advice; you’re a designer, you will design my website.
比方，若是我做了某事，我作为状师为你做了一些专业的事情，给你供给法令建议；你作为设计师为我设计网站。
I don’t pay you money, I pay you with legal service; you pay me with your design work.
我不付你钱，我只为你供给法令建议；而你为我做设计事情。
Quid pro quo.
相互帮忙。
I do something for you, you do something for me.
我为你支出了，你也为我支出了。
And this is also a very co妹妹on expression.
这也是一种很广泛的表达方法。
Okay, so now we’re going to move to the Italian: ” prima donna” .
如今咱们来讲一个意大利语单词：”领衔密斯”。
Now, ” prima” means first, ” donna” means lady, so it’s the first lady.
“领衔”暗示第一，”密斯”暗示夫人，意思就是第一夫人。
So when we speak about the opera, the lead female singer is the prima donna, but we mean it as a woman or a person. . .
当咱们评论辩论歌剧的时辰，领衔女性歌手就是第一夫人，但它的用法不必定特指女性……
Doesn’t have to be a woman.
不消必需是女性。
It could be a man who’s a prima donna.
也能够表达领衔的男性。
But it’s somebody who’s very temperamental.
但得是一个喜怒无常的人。
So let me write that for you.
给大师写一下。
Someone who’s temperamental is very moody, changes his mood or her mood all the time, always making demands that are. . .
某小我老是喜怒无常的，情感老是在变革，老是没法……
Can’t really be met.
真实的知足他（她）的需求。
Very. . .
很是……
Somebody you don’t really want to spend too much time with because they’re a little bit over-demanding and never satisfied.
你真的不想在这小我身上挥霍太多时候，由于他老是过度请求，并且从不知足。
You might be more familiar with this word: a ” diva” .
你对这个单词可能会更认识：”喜怒无常的”。
” Prima donna” , ” diva” , they’re pretty much synonymous.
“领衔密斯”和”喜怒无常的”意思十分靠近。
But let’s put it this way: When we call somebody a prima donna it’s not necessarily a good thing.
让咱们如许诠释：当咱们形容或人喜怒无常时，没必要是一个很正面的意思。
A prima donna is somebody who always complains, and is never satisfied, and thinks he or she deserves more than they get.
喜怒无常的人就是一个常常埋怨的人，并且从不知足，他（她）的愿望老是比获得的还要多。
Okay?
大白了吧？
So that’s prima donna.
这就是“领衔密斯”的意思。
Moving on to the French.
继续来讲法语辞汇。
” Je ne sais qua” means I don’t know what.
“就该是如许的”意思就是我不晓得为啥会如许。
So when we’re talking about something that’s really, really good, and somebody asks us to explain why it’s really good, and, you know, they’re just. .
当咱们在会商某件事真的真的很好的时辰，或人就会让咱们诠释为甚么这么好，实在你晓得，它们就是……
There’s just something there.
就是如许啊。
You can’t really point to it, you can’t identify it because it’s a mystery, but it’s there.
你没法真实的描写出益处是甚么，你没法分辨它，由于它是一个谜，但它就是如许的。
So we say: ” Well, I don’t know. It has a certain je ne sais qua.” Or so you talk about an actress or an actor, or a person, any person, or you talk about a food or a fashion, or an art.
咱们说：“好吧，我不晓得。它就是有某种上风。”或你在评论辩论某个演员或某小我，任何某小我，或当你评论辩论一种食品、时尚或艺术时。
You know it’s good, but you don’t know why.
你晓得它很好，可是就是不晓得为甚么好。
There’s just a certain mysterious element, a certain je ne sais qua.
就是有某种谜同样的元素，有某些长处。
We often use that word: ” certain” , actually.
现实上，咱们常利用这个词：“某些”。
” A certain je ne sais qua” .
“某些长处”。
Okay?
大白了吗？
” Déjà vu” .
“就该是如许的”。
” Déjà vu” is that feeling when you’ve already been somewhere or you’ve already done something, or you’ve already seen something exactly like you’re seeing it now.
“就该是如许的”是当你已达到某个处所或已做完某事的时辰，或你已看到了你想看到的工具时的一种感觉。
So you’re in a situation and you walk into a room, for example, and you’re like: ” Oh my god, I feel like I’ve been here before.” Do you know what I mean?
举个例子，你在某个场景下并走进了一个房间，你就会说：“我的天啊，我仿佛来过这里。”你晓得我想表达啥吧？
Like it’s so familiar, even though you’ve never been there, but it looks so familiar it’s like déjà vu.
就像是似曾了解的感受，即便你从未去过那，但看上去就像是很眼熟的。
Like in another life you’ve experienced this already.
就像你在另外一个世界里履历过似的。
Sometimes people say. . .
有时人们会说……
Oh, sorry.
对不起。
” Déjà vu” , seen already.
“就该是如许的” ，暗示曾见到过的。
Some people say: ” Déjà vu all over again” , which is a bit of redundancy.
一些人会说：“就该是如许的，几回再三地反复”，有一点赘余。
It’s saying the same thing twice, but people say it, just so you know.
持续2次表达一个意思，但人们就是这么说，你晓得的。
Déjà Vu, there’s a movie also with Denzel Washington.
似曾了解，有一个Denzel Washington主演的片子。
He goes back in time, and forward in time, and back in time, so he keeps living the same moment so it’s déjà vu.
他刹时回到曩昔，又刹时进入将来，又刹时回到曩昔，老是活在在统一时刻里，这就是似曾了解。
” Faux pas” .
“失仪”。
” Faux pas” is basically an error.
“失仪”本意是一个毛病。
Okay?
大白了吗？
But not like a mistake.
但不比是出错误。
It’s an error in a cultural, or a social, or an etiquette way.
它是在文化、社会或礼节方面的毛病。
Etiquette.
礼仪上的。
So, for example, in a certain situation you’re not supposed to act in a certain way.
举个例子，在某种场所下，你不该该做出某种举动。
If you’re around rich people, everybody’s in tuxedos and gowns. . .
若是你在一群富人四周，每小我都穿戴大礼服和号衣……
Sorry if I touched that.
若是我没遵照这个原则会感触很抱愧。
Everybody’s in tuxedos and gowns, and you come wearing running shoes.
每小我都穿戴大礼服和号衣，而你穿戴活动鞋。
That’s a fashion faux pas.
这是礼节方面的失仪。
This is a very co妹妹on. . .
这是一种很常见的……
” A fashion faux pas.” If you. . .
“礼节方面的失仪”。若是你……
If you see, like, the Oscars or any awards shows, there’s always going to be some sort of a newspaper or a magazine, saying: ” She made a faux pas, a fashion faux pas. Very bad.” But anyways, it’s in a cultural or social situation.
若是你看到，你喜好奥斯卡或任何颁奖仪式，总会有某些杂志或报纸上会写道：“她犯了毛病，犯了时尚界的毛病。很是欠好。”但不管若何，这是在文化或社会情况下的。
If you go to a very fancy dinner and the host serves you white wine with beef, with gravy, whatever, that’s a bit of a faux pas because you should have red or whatever.
若是你去吃一顿很是甘旨的晚饭，主人会为你端上白葡萄酒、牛肉、肉汁，不管若何，这都有点失仪，由于你应当喝红酒或此外甚么。
So it’s co妹妹only used, but only in certain contexts.
常常会用到这个词，但只是在某种特定的上下文语境中。
” Du jour” , of the day.
“当日” ，暗示本日。
So if you go to any restaurant. . .
若是你去到任何一家餐厅……
Not any restaurant, but many good restaurants will have a soup du jour.
不是肆意一家，而是不少不错的餐厅都有当日的汤类。
It means soup of the day.
意思是逐日例汤。
Today’s soup, every day is different.
逐日例汤，天天都分歧。
But we also use this in other contexts, for example, you have a guy who every week or every month you see him with a new girlfriend.
在其它上下文中咱们也会用到这个词，比方，有一个家伙，你每一个@礼%1PNUv%拜或每%URbDQ%一%URbDQ%个@月都能看到他和一个新女友在一块儿。
So you make a joke: ” So who’s the girlfriend du jour? Who’s today’s girlfriend? ” because always changes.
你开打趣说：“例行女友是谁啊？今天又是哪一个女朋侪？”由于他老是在换女友。
We can say that with pretty much anything that changes regularly.
咱们可以用来表达平常扭转的事变。
” What is the ________ du jour? ” Okay?
” 甚么是 ________ 例行事件? 大白了吗?
The German ” kaput” .
德语 “坏了”。
” Kaput” comes from a card game, and the ” kaput” means the loser, but now we basically use it to mean broken or something that’s not working.
“坏了”来历于卡片游戏，意思是输家，如今咱们根基上用它来暗示坏了或不起感化了。
So, for example, I have a fridge and it’s broken down before but I fixed it, and it’s broken and I fixed it.
比方，我有一个冰箱，以前坏了，厥后我修睦了。坏了又修睦了。
And it’s broken again and I go to fix it, but that’s it, I can’t fix it anymore.
又坏了，我又去修它，它老是如许，我无法再修睦了。
It’s kaput.
这就是完全完了。
It’s finished.
完了。
It’s done, it’s never going to work again.
竣事了，再不克不及正常利用了。
Time to throw it in the garbage, get a new fridge.
是时辰给它扔进垃圾桶了，再买个新的。
And ” guru” .
“导师”。
So originally a ” guru” was a spiritual guide.
“导师”本来是指心灵领导。
He would help you along your spiritual journey, especially in Hinduism and in Buddhism, etc. But today we use this word to mean expert or somebody who’s very good at something.
他会帮忙你指引出一条心路路程，出格是在印度教和释教等。但今天咱们用这个单词暗示专家或或人在某方面出格长于。
So this person you should listen to.
你应当听这小我的。
He or she can be your teacher.
他（她）多是你的导师。
And also. . .
同时……
It used to be only men, now anybody can be a guru.
以前只暗示男性，如今任何人均可以用guru来暗示。
So if you go online you’ll always see on the internet, the internet is full of gurus.
若是你上彀，你总能在网上看到各类各样的导师。
They’ll teach you how to make money, they’ll teach you how to be successful, they’ll teach you how to get noticed, they’ll teach you how to start your business.
他们会教你若何赚钱，他们会教你若何乐成，他们会教你若何遭到存眷，他们还会教你若何起头做买卖。
They are gurus.
他们就是导师。
Financial gurus, marketing gurus.
金融导师，市场开辟导师。
They know everything, you should listen to them.
他们甚么都晓得，你将要跟从他们。
Okay, anybody can be a guru.
好吧，任何人都能成为导师。
Don’t necessarily trust somebody just because they call themselves a guru.
没必要信赖那些自称为导师的人。
Anyways, so these are the words you need to know.
无论怎么，这些都是你必要晓得的单词。
Even if you know them in your own language, if you’re a French speaker and obviously you know these words, keep in mind that they might be used in slightly different contexts in English.
即便你只在你的母语中熟悉它，若是你的母语是法语，很明显你晓得这些单词，请记着在英语中联系关系上下文，这些词的寄义会有稍微的差别。
But they have. . .
可是它们……
They have become part of the English language.
它们已成了英语的一部门。
So, if you like this lesson, I hope you did.
若是你喜好本节课，我但愿你真能喜好。
If you like it and everything’s clear, please subscribe to my YouTube channel.
若是你喜好的话，而且都听大白了，请定阅我的YouTube频道。
If you have any questions, please go to www. engvid. com and ask all the questions you have there.
若是你另有问题，请登录www.engvid.com来提出你的问题。
There’s also a quiz to make sure you understand the meanings of these words and expressions.
另有一个小测试，来验证你确切理解这些单词和短语的意思。
And, of course, come back again and see more great videos from all of us and see you again soon.
固然，但愿你能再次回到这里旁观咱们更多的出色视频，下次见。
