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大凡英语进修者，城市感觉单词难记。是以不少英语进修先行者总结出很多行之有用的影象单词法子，此中一种法子就是操纵构词法记单词。操纵构词法记单词确切是一种颇有效的法子，合适英语辞汇的构陈规律。常见的构词法有三种，此中一种叫派生法。所谓派生法，就是在词的前面加之前缀或在词的后面加之后缀组成另外一个词的法子。本文针对初中所学的前缀后缀，举行归类，来个大汇总，便利初中生特别是行将加入中考的学子们影象，而且经由过程例句讲授，帮忙大师把握这些词的用法。这是本文区分于其它不少同类文章所分歧的处所，严酷从考纲动身，所罗列的词100%是初中所学，是中考考纲所请求把握的，但愿我的支出可以帮到更多的同窗。
1、前缀的感化及所学的前缀
前缀用在词根前面以扭转词的意义，一般不扭转词性。初中所学的前缀有：
一）否认前缀
1. un- :unhappy,unusual,unfair,unlike,unfriendly,uncomfortable,uncrowded,uneasy,unexpected,unlucky,unbelievable,unable，unforgettable。
2. im-:impolite,impossible。
3. in-:inexpensive,incorrect,informal。
4. dis-:dislike,disappointed,discover,discourage,dishonest,disappear,disbelief，disadvantage,disabled。
5. ir-：irregular。
二）其它前缀
1. re-(暗示再，又）：review,recycle,return,reuse,reusable,research。
2. inter-(暗示在。。。。。。之间，互相）：interview,internet,international。
3. under-（暗示低于）：underwear,underground。
4. bi-（暗示两）：bicycle。
如I don’t feel happy也能够说成I feel unhappy。上面的unlike是介词，而dislike是动词，在使历时必需引发注重。此外，含有否认前缀的词用在反义疑难句中，后面简短的一般疑难句照样要用否认的，如:
1. That’s impossible,isn’t it?
2. He feels unlucky,doesn’t he?
2、后缀的感化及所学的后缀
后缀用在词根后面以扭转词性。初中所学的后缀有：
一）动词酿成名词
在一个动词后面加之某一个后缀，使之变成名词。
1).动词+er/or/ist/ress酿成名词（暗示动作的履行者）
A.teach-teacher,work-worker,read-reader,think-thinker,perform-performer,wait-waiter,sing-singer,play-player,cook-cooker,record-recorder,keep-keeper,listen-listener,farm-farmer,climb-climber，lead-leader,speak-speaker,report-reporter,clean-cleaner,help-helper。
B.write-writer,drive-driver,dance-dancer,ride-rider,rule-ruler,manage-manager,make-maker。
C.run-runner,win-winner,travel-travel（l）er。
D.visit-visitor,act-actor,invent-inventor,compete-competitor,translate-translator,direct-director。
E.tour-tourist。
F.wait-waitress,act-actress。
2).动词+tion酿成名词
act-action,suggest-suggestion,co妹妹unicate-co妹妹unication,invite-invitation,pollute-pollution,compete-competition,predict-prediction,invent-invention,prepare-preparation,protect-protection,celebrate-celebration,direct-direction,educate-education,examine-examination,inspire-inspiration,introduce-introduction,produce-production,graduate-graduation,pronounce-pronunciation。
3) .动词+ing酿成名词
draw-drawing,paint-painting,build-building,say-saying,cross-crossing,happen-happening,end-ending,mean-meaning,feel-feeling,begin-beginning,open-opening。
4) .动词+ment酿成名词
agree-agreement,disagree-disagreement,develop-development,improve-improvement,encourage-encouragement,punish-punishment,achieve-achievement,manage-management。
5）.动词+ance酿成名词
appear-appearance,disappear-disappearance。
6）.动词+sion酿成名词
express-expression,discuss-discussion,decide-decision。
在句子中，若是作主语、宾语、表语，就要把动词改成名词。咱们来看看，
用括号内所给词的得当情势填空：
1. He is a basketball_______(play).
2. Thank you for your_________(invite).
3. The teacher is pleased with his ________(improve)in English.
二）名词酿成形容词
在一个名词后面加之某一个后缀，使之变成形容词。
1）.名词+ful酿成形容词
thank-thankful,help-helpful,care-careful,use-useful,hope-hopeful,beauty-beautiful,wonder-wonderful,pain-painful,harm-harmful,success-successful,truth-truthful。
2）.名词+less酿成形容词
help-helpless，hope-hopeless,use-useless,care-careless,harm-harmless。
3）.名词+y酿成形容词
rain-rainy,wind-windy,snow-snowy,sun-sunny,fog-foggy,ice-icy,health-healthy,luck-lucky,noise-noisy,sleep-sleepy,thirst-thirsty,hunger-hungry。
4）.名词+ly酿成形容词
week-weekly,love-lovely,friend-friendly,live-lively。
5）.名词+al酿成形容词
person-personal,music-musical,tradition-traditional,center-central,nature-natural,culture-cultural,digit-digital,accident-accidental,education-educational,profession-professional,nation-national,medicine-medical,environment-environmental。
6）.名词+ous酿成形容词
danger-dangerous,humor-humorous,fame-famous，mystery-mysterious。
7）.名词+ern酿成形容词
east-eastern,west-western,south-southern,north-northern,southeast-southeastern。
8）.名词+en酿成形容词
wood-wooden,wool-woolen,gold-golden。
9）.名词+ish酿成形容词
fool-foolish,self-selfish。
10）.名词以ce末端，把ce改成t酿成形容词
silence-silent,patience-patient,confidence-confident,importance-important,convenience-convenient。
在句子中，若是作表语、定语或宾补时，极可能要把名词酿成形容词。大师再看：
1. 
Look after yourself and keep_______(health).
2. They are talking about_____(healthy)problem.
3. You should eat______(health)food.
4. Playing basketball keeps me_____(health).
5. We should do more sport and eat______(health).
三）动词酿成形容词
动词的如今分词、曩昔分词可作形容词，或在动词后加之某些后缀也可酿成形容词。
1) .动词+ing（即如今分词）酿成形容词
move-moving,care-caring,understand-understanding,burn-burning,freeze-freezing,fascinate-fascinating,embarrass-embarrassing,surprise-surprising,bore-boring,tire-tiring,excite-exciting,interest-interesting,disappoint-disappointing,frighten-frightening，boil-boiling。
2）.动词+ed（即曩昔分词）酿成形容词
move-moved,burn-burned（或burnt）,freeze-frozen,embarrass-embarrassed,disappoint-disappointed,
surprise-surprised,bore-bored,tire-tired,worry-worried,excite-excited,interest-interested,frighten-frightened,boil-boiled。
3）.动词+able酿成形容词
understand-understandable,forget-forgettable,enjoy-enjoyable,comfort-comfortable,value-valuable,believe-believable。
动词和形容词在句子中的感化断然分歧，在使历时要很好按照现实环境作出变革,固然也要很好区别如今分词与曩昔分词所作的形容词，如今分词暗示自动或正在举行，大都形容事物；曩昔分词暗示被动或已完成，大都形容人。如；
1. I am___(bore)with the____(bore)job.
2. He found the news______(excite).
3. Only when something is lost do we find it______(value).
四）形容词酿成副词
除一些形容词、副词同形的词如early/late/fast/high/far/hard等之外，大大都形容词后面加之ly酿成副词，不外有些要作扭转，注重分歧的变革环境。
1).careful-carefully,real-really,wide-widely,wise-wisely,polite-politely,loud-loudly,gradual-gradually,general-generally,most-mostly,cheap-cheaply,special-specially,certain-certainly,sudden-suddenly,recent-recently,different-differently,complete-completely,beautiful-beautifully,total-totally,slow-slowly,quick-quickly。
2).happy-happily,easy-easily,heavy-heavily,angry-angrily,lucky-luckily,healthy-healthily,noisy-noisily。
3).simple-simply，gentle-gently,possible-possibly,probable-probably,comfortable-comfortably,terrible-terribly。
4).true-truly。
形容词作表语、定语、宾补，而副词作状语。试比拟：
1. That thing made（使） me happy.（形容词作宾补）
2. They are making（建造） cards happily.（副词作状语）
3. We live a happy life.（形容词作定语）
4. She seems very happy.(形容词作表语）
五）形容词酿成名词
形容词后面加之后缀ness/th/ity等可变回名词。
1) .good-goodness,kind-kindness,ill-illness,sick-sickness,sad-sadness,shy-shyness,fair-fairness,busy-business,careful-carefulness,careless-carelessness。
2) .warm-warmth,long-length,wide-width,true-truth,young-youth。
3) .able-ability,active-activity,creative-creativity,popular-popularity。
形容词和名词感化分歧，在使历时要多加注重。咱们来看这两道选择题：
1.This time he failed the exam because of his_____.
A. care B.carefulness C. careless D. carelessness
2.She helped to look after a/an____man.
A.ill B. sick C. illness D.sickness
以上对现行初中讲义（人教版）所呈现的前缀后缀举行了总结，并对其用法举行了很好的分解，对初中生的英语进修应当有必定的帮忙。
