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本文是由外语教诲网收拾的成人学士学位英语测验语法大全：曩昔分词，供泛博考生参考进修。
1. 分词的界说
动词的-ed分词即曩昔分词，是由动词的曩昔分词组成，一般只有一种情势。
2. 曩昔分词的语法感化： .
1) 曩昔分词作表语，重要暗示主语的生理感受或所处的状况。如：
He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜好那号衣的式样。
2) 曩昔分词做定语：单个的曩昔分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，至关于一个定语从句。如：
The excited people rushed into the building. 冲动的人们奔进了大楼。
曩昔分词短语作定语凡是放在被润饰的词后面，至关于一个定语从句。如：
The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被司理采用了。
曩昔分词作定语也可用作非限定性定语，先后用逗号离隔。如：
The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. 这些书是鲁迅写的，遭到了很多中国人民的爱好。
The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 此次集会得到很大的乐成，共有一千个学生出席了。
3) 曩昔分词做状语： 曩昔分词和-ing分词作状语同样，也能够暗示时候、缘由、前提、妥协、方法、陪伴环境。
①表时候，至关于一个时候状语从句，有时曩昔分词前可加连词when或while来夸大时候观点。如：
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看，这个都会就像一个大花圃。
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 入党今后，他决议献身于党的奇迹。
②表缘由，至关于一个缘由状语从句。如：.
Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. 冲动的人们被阿谁故事深深地冲动了，遏制了争吵。
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 遭到了报告的鼓动，年青人决议起来从事斗争。
③表前提，至关于一个前提状语从句，有时曩昔分词前可用if等词。如：
Given another chance, he will do better.再给他一次机遇，他会做得更好。
Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English. 和你哥哥比拟，你应当加倍尽力进修英语。
If heated, water can be turned into steam. 水若是被加热，会酿成水蒸气。
④表妥协，至关于一个though/although指导的妥协状语从句。如：
Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 虽然已跑得精疲力竭，他们仍是继续追逐着阿谁匪贼。
Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 虽然被很多人冷笑，他仍是继续他的钻研。
⑤表方法或陪伴环境。如：
The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. 阿谁白叟在他的老婆的扶持下走进了房间。
Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job. 我和父亲坐在桌子阁下会商着我的事情问题。
4) 曩昔分词作补足语：曩昔分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep等词后与一位词或代词组成复合宾语，用作宾语补语。如：.
When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined? 你何时去病院查抄你的牙齿？
When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard. 当你在作陈述时，你应当讲响一点使本身被人听清。
当这种句子酿成被动语态时，曩昔分词用作主语补语。如：
One of the glasses was found broken. 有人发明此中一个杯子破了。
They should be kept informed of the situation there. 应当让他们晓得那儿的情势。
难点释疑：
1. 曩昔分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必需和句子的主语相一致。如：
When asked why he came here, the boy kept silent. 当阿谁男孩被问到为什么来这里时，他缄默不语。
Born and 
brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology. 因为在屯子诞生并长大，他对生物很感乐趣。
若是曩昔分词的逻辑主语和句子主语纷歧致，必需利用曩昔分词的自力主格布局。
2. 动词have 后所接的三种宾语补语：have somebody/something do something 不定式作补语必需省去to, 不定式动作由宾语发出，暗示一次性的动作。如：
I had the workers do the job for me. 我让工人们替我完成为了事情。
Jim often has his father help him with his homework. 吉姆常常让他的父亲帮忙做家庭功课。
have somebody /something doing something -ing 分词作补语，分词动作也由宾语发出，夸大动作的持续或正在举行。如：
They had the tractor working all the time. 他们让疲塌机一向事情着。
We won’t have the child talking to his mother like that. 咱们不克不及让阿谁孩子那样对他的妈妈措辞。
have somebody/something done 曩昔分词作补语，宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的被动瓜葛，凡是有两种环境：
①主语让他人做某事，夸大主语的意志。如：.
He had his hair cut yesterday. 他昨天剃头了。
Later on the center had a great many new trees planted.厥后，这其中心让人种了不少树。
②主语受到某种不幸或堕入卑劣的情况，阐明宾语的一种偶然识的被动举动。如：
He had his leg broken in the match last month.他在上礼拜的角逐中摔断了腿。
He had one eye lost in the war. 在战役中，他落空了一只眼睛。
3. 非谓语动词的被动式作定语的三种情势：
the bridge to be built 将要制作的桥（暗示未来的动作）
the bridge being built 正在制作的桥（暗示正在举行的动作）
the bridge built 造好的桥（暗示完成的动作）
4. 曩昔分词和–ing分词作表语的区分：曩昔分词作表语凡是暗示主语所处的状况或感觉，而-ing分词作表语多暗示主语所具备的特性，如：
Hearing the news, we felt very surprised. 听到阿谁动静，咱们感触很诧异
The news is very surprising. 这个动静很使人诧异。
They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他们听到那可骇的声音很惧怕。At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears. 看到这么动听的情形，所有在场的人都冲动得流下了眼泪。 英语中如许的分词另有不少，如：amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; exciting, excited; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; worrying, worried; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished等。
5. 曩昔分词和–ing分词作定语的区分：
曩昔分词作定语和-ing分词作定语有必定的区分。试比力下面几组短语：boiled water开水 boiling water正沸腾的水developed countries成长的国度developing countries成长中国度fallen leaves落叶falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子changed condition扭转了的环境changing condition变革着的环境。因而可知，曩昔分词作定语凡是暗示完成的或被动的动作；而-ing分词作定语可以暗示正在举行的自动的动作。
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