发音法则三省略【h】的连读
在连音法则中,以“h”开首的单词 [h] 音近乎省略。由于 [h] 发音很特别——只是出气没有磨擦,以是拼读时仿佛被省略了。
一、Does~he know?
二、What~happened?
三、Please give~him a hand!
2 略读
英文最较着的语音法则除连读外,就是略读了。爆破音和爆破音相邻,第一个爆破音只构成阻碍,但不产生爆破,称为失爆;爆破音和其他子音相邻,该爆破音不彻底爆破。英语语音中的失爆和不彻底爆破征象,咱们简称为“略读”。略读是英语语音进修的重点,也是一个难点,把握好略读,也就把握了隧道英语发音的制胜宝贝!
注重:略读时其实不是把全部音丢掉,而是发音时点到为止,有口型不发音或轻细发音。
首要学术名词–爆破音:[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
1
爆破音+爆破音=落空爆破
Tips:
六个爆破音中肆意两个相遇,一个爆破音后紧随着另外一个爆破音时,前面一个音点到为止,构成阻碍,但不产生爆破;第二个音彻底爆破;若第二个爆破音在词尾,则必需轻化。
以一个爆破音末端并以统一个爆破音起头时,只发一次音,前一个音只做好发音筹备而不发音,直接发第二个音。
单词内失爆
1.active=a(c)tive [k]+[t]
Students are encouraged to be active in class.
2.blackboard=blac(k)board [k]+[b]
Our class has a large blackboard.
3.dictation=di(k)tation [k]+[t]
We’ll have dictation today.
4.football=foo(t)ball [t]+[b]
There is going to be a football match tonight. Shall we watch it together?
5.goodbye=goo(d)bye [d]+[b]
She waved me goodbye.
句子内失爆
以上罗列的失爆和不彻底爆破征象,都产生在单词内,现实上,在一个句子或词组中,相邻的两个单词呈现失爆和不彻底爆破征象的概率要大于呈现在单词内。
1.Stop talking!=Sto(p)-talking!
2.I don’t care.=I don'(t) -care.
3.I had a bad cold.=I had a ba(d)-cold.
2
爆破音[t]和[d]+鼻子音[m]和[n]
爆破音[t]和[d]后面紧跟鼻子音[m]和[n],[t]和[d]构成阻碍,在词末必需经由过程鼻腔爆破;发音时,舌尖紧贴上齿龈,稍铺开立即贴回,从爆破音到鼻音舌位稳定,让气畅通过鼻腔冲出,在词中则不彻底爆破。
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在词末
1. Britain [tn]
Britain is made up of England, Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland.
二、certain [tn]
They are certain to agree.
三、frighten [tn]
The high prices frighten off many customers.
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在词中
一、admire=a(d)mire [d]=[m]
I really admire your enthusiasm.
二、admit=a(d)mit [d]+[m]
She admits to being strict with her children.
三、goodness=goo(d)ness [d]+[n]
Thank goodness!
[t]和[d]+[m]和[n]在句中
一、Good morning!=Goo(d)-morning!
二、Let me take a look.=Le(t)-me take a look.
三、I don’t know what to say.=I don'(t)-know what to say.
3
爆破音[t]和[d]+舌边音[l]
爆破音[t]和[d]后面紧跟舌边音[l],则必需由舌双方爆破,这类环境多产生在词尾。爆破音爆破音[t]和[d]后面紧跟清楚舌边[l],则为不彻底爆破。
[t]和[d]+[l]在词末
1.battle [t]+[l]
Any soldiers were killed in the battle.
2.gentle [t]+[l]
His soap is very gentle on the hands.
3.little [t]+[l]
I’m a little tired.
4.settle [t]+[l]
The company has agreed to settle out of court.
5.title [t]+[l]
Give your name and title。
[t]和[d]+[l]在词中
1.heartless=hear(t)less [t]+[l]
The decision does seem a little heartless.
2.lately=la(te)ly [t]+[l]
Have you seen him lately?
3.badly=ba(d)ly [d]+[l]
Things have been going badly.
4.needless=nee(d)less [d]+[l]
Banning somking would save needless deaths.
[t]和[d]+[l]在句中
1.Good luck!=Goo(d)-luck!
2.I would like to have one.=I woul(d) like to have one.
3.At last, we made it to his party.=A(t) last, we made it to his party.
4
爆破音+磨擦音/破擦音=落空爆破
当爆破音后紧随着磨擦音和破擦音时,该爆破音构成阻碍,但不彻底爆破。
磨擦音:[f][v][θ][ ][s][ z][ ][ ][h][r]
破擦音:[ts]-[dz],[tr]-[dr],[t]-[d]
单词内失爆
1.advance=a(d)vance [d]+[v]
We live in an age of rapid technologcical advance.
2.bookshop=boo(k)shop [k]+[ ]
The bookshop opens at 7 o’clock in the morning.
3.helpful=hel(p)ful [p]+[f]
A: Sorry, I can’t be more helpful.
B: Thank you. You’re been very helpful.
4.lecture=le(c)ture [k]+[t]
Mr Li is giving a lecture to first-year students.
5.object=o(b)ject [b]+[d]
The object is to educate people about road safety.
句子内失爆
1.You look fantastic.=You loo(k)-fantastic.
2.I’ll get there by ten.=I’ll ge(t) there by ten.
3.Let’s have a good chat.=Let’s have a goo(d)-chat.
4.I haven’t read the book.=I haven'(t)-read the book.
5.Wish you a great success!=Wish you a grea(t)-success!
6.Put the book on the desk.=Pu(t)-the book on the desk.
7.She is one of my old friends.=She is one of my ol(d)-friends.
8.I’d like a room with a good view.=I’d like a room with a goo(d) view.
9.I am quite sure that you will win.=I am qui(te) sure that you will win.
10.Don’t judge people only by appearance.=Don'(t) judge people only by appearance.
3 断句
当句子较永劫,人们会感觉很难一口吻把话说完。这时候,可以案语义和语法的瓜葛把句子分为若干段,每段就是一个意群。换句话说,意群就是可以组成一个相对于自力意思的一段,是构成句子的部件。
意群和意群之间可以有必定的搁浅,这类搁浅和人们的思惟勾当是一致的。但一个意群中的各个单词之间则不成搁浅,全部意群读下来就像一个长单词同样。记着:英语不是一个词一个词地说的。
例1:Repeating after tapes is very inportant for beginners.
意群:Repeating after tapes | is very inportant | for beginners.
跟读灌音带对付初学者来讲,是很是首要的。
例2:Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy, and wise.
意群:Early to bed | and early to rise | makes a man | healthy, happy, and wise.睡得早,起得早,康健、快活、脑子好。
例3:Liu Xiang, who’s a brilliant runner,represented China at Olympic Games.
意群:Liu Xiang, | who’s a brilliant runner, | represented China | at Olympic Games.优异的跑步运带动刘翔代表中国加入了奥运会。
例4:But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense.
意群:But | the most important argument | for a broad education | is that | in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, | we improve our moral sense.但普及教诲最首要的缘由在于经由过程进修前任所固结的伶俐结晶,使咱们的长短品德观得以改良。
意群之间的搁浅,按照措辞人的环境而定,并不是必定要搁浅不成。但若有搁浅,则必需在乎群之间,随便乱停就粉碎了说话的节拍。
4 句子的重音
英语中有一则有关句子重音的笑话:有一小我去邮局买了一张邮票,筹备发信,他问:“Must I stick it on myself?”因为on 不应重读而重读了,原意“我本身贴(在信封)上吗?”却成为了“我得把邮票贴本身身上吗?”成果出了洋相。可见,准确处置句子重读绝对不成轻忽。
句子重读的一般法则
在联贯的话语中,不成能所有的词都一样首要,必需有些词较为关头,有些词则相对于次要一些。一般来讲,关头词必要重读,这就是句子的重音,而其他词则没必要重读。或可以说成:实词重读,虚词不重读。
一般必要重读的词(实词/关头词):
实义动词、名词、形容词、副词、数词、疑难词和感慨词等。
一般必要重读的词(虚词/非关头词):
助动词、情态动词、冠词、介词、连词、物主代词、瓜葛代词和瓜葛副词等。
此外,人称代词、连词、介词和助动词等一般不重读,但在特定情形中,也必要重读。如人称代词做并列主语或宾语时需重读,句首的介词也必要重读,做主语或宾语的批示代词也必要重读。
在听力测验中,句子重音可以帮忙考生找到关头词,并掌控住重要意思,准确理解所听的内容。一般环境下,在不必要出格夸大或比拟某些内容时,句子的重音凡是落在最后一个呈现的实词上,比方:
比方:The course was more difficult than she had expected, but she got a lot out of it.译文:这个课程比她想象中的难多了,但她仍是从中学会了不少工具。
这个句子中,只要听到重读的词或词组就不难准确理解句意。
(1)courage, more difficult, expected;
(2)got , lot , out.
句子的逻辑重音
句子的重音老是要表示措辞人的思惟和他所表达意思的重点,有时为了夸大,句子中几近任何词均可以有句子重音,包含一些凡是没有句子重音的词,这类依措辞者用意重读的音就是逻辑重音。
比方:
Did you tell my wife?
夸大“wife”,你要奉告我老婆吗?
夸大“my”,你要奉告我的老婆吗?
夸大“you”,你要奉告我的老婆吗?
5. 腔调
腔调是帮忙咱们表达各类思惟豪情的首要路子,英语腔调的根基类型有降调、升和谐平调。
降调暗示措辞人的立场必定、意思完备、语法布局自力;升调暗示措辞人的立场不愿定、意思不完备、语法布局不自力;平调一般用于直接引语后面,表述所说的话,音高没有凹凸的变革。在乎义比力繁杂的句子或意群中,常常连系了三种根基腔调,组成起落调或降升调,而使腔调变得繁杂。
美国英语比英国英语更布衣化,它的腔调也更趋于天然,较少成心的顿挫抑扬;英国英语腔调则升沉较大。分歧的腔调可以暗示措辞人分歧的立场和分歧的隐含义思。英语中统一句话采纳分歧的腔调会发生截然分歧的语意观点。
比方:“yes”,若用降调,暗示措辞人对所答复的问题十分肯定;若用升调,暗示对问题有疑难。腔调具备强烈的豪情色采,它使说话更富有表示力。